Silica sol, also known as colloidal silica or silica hydrosol, is an excellent nanomaterial. It is a colloidal solution formed by amorphous silica particles uniformly dispersed in water or organic solvents. It is odorless and non-toxic, with a molecular formula represented as mSiO₂·nH₂O. The particle size of silica sol typically ranges from 1 to 100 nm, offering a large specific surface area and adsorption capacity. As a low-viscosity colloidal solution, it has good dispersibility, allowing it to penetrate and fill solids, especially porous materials, making their surfaces smooth.
Additionally, silica sol has strong adhesive properties, enabling it to form hard gel structures with other materials, resulting in significant bonding strength. Therefore, silica sol is widely used in industries such as precision casting, coatings, textiles, paper making, petrochemicals, and electronics. It acts as a bonding agent for both organic and inorganic materials, playing an important role in these fields.